Personal Statement John F. Kennedy - 1942 Words

â€Å"†¦not because it is easy, but because it is hard, because that goal would serve to organize the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone and one we intend to win† (Hald-Mortensen, 2007). John F. Kennedy was a visionary and an ethical leader through his Space Race vision and his actions during the civil rights movement. As a visionary leader he used Inspirational Motivation to rally a diverse team in pursuit of his space vision, despite extreme challenges. He showed he was an ethical leader during his stand-off with Governor Wallace. This led the way for civil rights for African-Americans and laid the foundation for equal opportunity for all Americans, changing our country’s morals and ethical values. Lastly, I will highlight two situations that enabled me to reflect on my visionary and ethical leadership; one where I had to use Inspirational Motivation to rally a diverse te am to achieve an unimaginable vision, and another where I was faced with an emergent leadership issue and how I applied ethical behavior to evaluate and correct this situation. Visionary Leader John F. Kennedy was a visionary leader by inspiring and challenging America to be the first to put a man on the moon before the decade was over. From the beginning of Kennedy’s presidency, he showed the world he was a visionary leader through his famous â€Å"New Frontier† acceptance speech and his inaugural address of rallyingShow MoreRelatedThe Rhetorical Analysis Of John F. Kennedy839 Words   |  4 Pages On January 20, 1961, John Fitzgerald Kennedy became the youngest man to possess presidency in the United States of America. As a young, wealthy man Kennedy rapidly climbed the political ladder by initially representing a working class Boston district in the United States Congress, then continuing on to the House of Representatives, followed by the United States Senate, and ending with the victorious defeat of his presidential opponent, to become the 35th president of the United States. AccordingRead MoreEssay Jfk Informative Speech Outline869 Words   |  4 PagesTopic/Title: _____Jhon F. Kennedy an Inspiration through the Ages. _______ Introduction: Purpose: The purpose of this speech is to provide information on President John F. Kennedy. The speech will provide a history of President Kennedy’s life, the memorable points of his presidency and why he is an inspiration. Specific Purpose: To share with them his early life, his political career, his load of presidency, his tragic death, and his inspiration. Thesis Statement: President Kennedy proved to beRead MoreJohn F. Kennedy: A Legacy Never Forgotten1377 Words   |  6 Pages Forgive your enemies, but never forget their names(Brainy Quotes). John F Kennedy said this during one of his speeches, and ironically no one will ever forget the name of the person who murdered him, Lee Harvey Oswald, an enemy of the American Public. When Kennedy ran for office, he had to seem like the more experienced candidate and appeal to all of the people. During his speeches, Kennedy engaged his audiences and they hung on his every word. However, the tragic event of his assassinationRead MoreThe Assassination Of John F. Kennedy Essay967 Words   |  4 Pageschose to read is The Assassination of John F. Kennedy by Lauren Spencer. It was published in 2002 by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. It contains 64 pages. This book not only provides information on the killing of President Kennedy, but also information on his life, the arrested murderer s life, and more interesting background information and details. This books main objective is to go deeper into the case of John F. Kennedy s assassination, to discuss personal information about suspects and backgroundRead MoreKennedys Life, Leadership, and Legacy1657 Words   |  7 PagesWhich American president deserves to be titled the best? This question cannot be answered simply, nor matter of factly, for every answer would be a varying opinion. However, a collective voice of patriots would agree that John Fitzgerald Kennedy would give all others a run for their money. He was viewed not only as an inspirational leader, but also as an honest, loving man who quickly morphed into the only ray of hope that Americans had seen in quite some time. People trusted him to rejuvenate theRead MoreJohn F. Kennedy s Assassination1739 Words   |  7 Pages John F Kennedy grew up in a wealthy and very political family. His assassination was a shock to many. It was a time of Cold War and the peak of US involvement in Vietnam. It is important to understand t he John F. Kennedy regime including both its national and foreign policy. You also need to look into his personal life. This would help to create motives, and find the primary aspect to consider when looking into any homicide, assassination or murder. He was the first president who was a Boy ScoutRead MoreMartin Luther King And The White House922 Words   |  4 PagesMovement, Martin Luther King, Jr. (MLK) and other civil rights leaders worked with the executive branch to move towards equal rights. Though the civil rights movement spanned many administrations, the most progress occurred during the terms of President Kennedy and President Johnson, thus we will examine the relationship between two different Presidential administrations Martin Luther King, Jr. Each correspondence between the two groups is different. They vary in formality, recipients, and purpose; thereforeRead MoreEssay about John F. Kennedy ´s Effective Use of Words563 Words   |  3 Pages Within our nation’s history, former president John F. Kennedy is known best as being one of the most acknowledged political figures. Despite the few questionable decisions made during his regime, Kennedy maintained his reputation as one of the most highly regarded presidents, according to the public. His extensive amount of popularity among the Americans both during his term as president and in current times is recognized in his unique but effective use of his words. With the use of hisRead MoreNoah Cooper. Mrs. Sites. English 10A. 15 April 2017. Lee1749 Words   |  7 Pageshave been convicted at trial. Unfortunately the facts on Oswald seem about too pat- too obvious (Marxist, Cuba, Russian wife, etc.) The Dallas police have put out statements on the Communist conspiracy theory and it was they who were in charge when he was shot and thus silenced (â€Å"The JFK Assassination† 2.) The assassination of John F. Kennedy has been a topic of debate for many years. The aforementioned quote is a prime example of why many individuals feel the JFK assassination was a conspiracy. TheRead MorePop Art : An Art Movement905 Words   |  4 Pagesmovement that emerged in the 1950’s characterized by imagery from pop culture mostly on advertisements and news often using the sense of irony. This movement was more of a cultural revolution using vibrant colors and bold graphics to represent a statement and provide an instant meaning. It has a relation with the abstract expressionism, however it is clearer and has a comic book vibe. Pop art is not trying to confuse you and make you analyze its meaning, on the contrary, it wants the audience to have

Physical Activity And Classroom Behavior - 1752 Words

Physical Activity and Classroom Behavior Physical activity guidelines specific to children and adolescents have been developed. In 2008, the United States Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS) published physical activity guidelines for Americans. Children should participate in at least 60 minutes of exercise each day. When children and adolescents can achieve the recommended 60 minutes of exercise daily, numerous health benefits occur (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). The majority of the 60 minutes should be moderate-to-vigorous intense physical activity. Moderate-to-vigorous activity includes at least three days a week. Schools are a key setting to encourage students’ healthy habits. Schools provide a comfortable environment with access to equipment that students need to promote physical activity. Incorporating physical activity for students every day is important for many reasons. Physical activity promotes emotional and mental health benefits. It also decreases the risk of obesity, high blood pressure, and heart disease. Health and educational professionals agree that physically active students perform better in the classroom. One study found a statistically significant relationship between fitness and academic achievement (Chomitz, Slining, McGowan, Mitchell, Dawson, Hacker, 2009). Agencies, political leaders, and organizations are beginning to see how important regular physical activity is for children and adolescentsShow MoreRelatedClassroom Organization Focuses On The Physical Environment Of The Classroom971 Words   |  4 PagesClassroom organization focuses on the physical environment of the classroom. Effective teachers understand that organizing a safe classroom environment is essential for optimizing student learning and reducing distractions. For example, i f student desks are arranged in a way that makes it difficult for the teacher to circulate the room, student behavior is likely to be less responsible than when the teacher can easily reach every student. Aspects of the of a classroom’s physical arrangement thatRead MoreThe Effect Of Physical Activity On The Classroom860 Words   |  4 Pages1. Measurement- 117- giving numbers to an object that indicate a value. For example, time given to physical activity in the classroom can be measured in minutes. 2. Evaluation- 118- a judgement of the value of an object or individual based on observation. For example, students in Finland are observed by researchers to see how much physical activity helps academic output. 3. Assessment- 118- a measurement or evaluation. For example, students are assessed on several traits throughout the school yearRead MoreSocial Behavior For Children With Adhd936 Words   |  4 Pagesimprovements in social behavior for children with ADHD (Plumer and Stoner, 2005). Peer coaching may also be a good way to insure that students learn the â€Å"hidden curriculum.† The hidden curriculum is information about values, beliefs and attitudes that are somehow conveyed to students regarding the rules and routines needed to succeed in school and in society. The goals set by coaching teams could easily include information from the hidden curriculum as it applies to the behavior of the child withRead MoreThe Importance Of Physical Inactivity In School1355 Words   |  6 Pagespromote physical activity (PA) in higher education settings for more than three decades. However, significant progress in improving college student PA behaviors still remains to be seen. To date, about two thirds of college students are classified as sedentary and/or underactive, putting them at a higher risk level for poor health. The seemingly unstoppable propensity toward physical inactivity among college students calls for more innovative interventions to effectively alter student PA behaviors. GivenRead MoreEffectiveness Of Current Behavior System1431 Words   |  6 PagesEffectiveness of Current Behavior System One of the greatest strengths of this classroom, as indicated by the self-assessment, is the clear and consistent routines. This category received an overall average rating of 85%, with no single criteria falling under an 80% rating. Consistent routines can help prevent management problems because the activities run smoothly and efficiently and students are familiar with the expectations associated with each routine activity (Scheuermann Hall, 2016). Read MorePositive Behavior Support Within The Classroom : Facilitating Behaviorally Inclusive Learning Environments1621 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract In the scholarly article, Positive behavior support in the classroom: Facilitating behaviorally inclusive learning environments, Terrance M. Scott, Kristy Lee Park, Jessica Swain-Bradway and Eric Landers introduce the idea of positive behavior support in the general classroom setting. Scott et al. (2007) focused solely on the positive behavior support that would benefit children with an emotional and behavioral disorder (EBD). No specific emotional disturbance was stated therefore the ideasRead MoreThe Incidence of Childhood Inactive Behavior Growing at an Alarming Rate1750 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction/Overview It is accepted that the incidence of childhood inactive behavior is increasing at a disturbing rate. The physical activity level and health behavior of the youth population has the capability to be a valuable instrument in countering this undesired behavior and the obesity pandemic as well as lowering all-cause mortality (Tudor-Lock et al., 2011). According to the center for Disease Control and Prevention, childhood obesity rates have doubled among children since 1980 (McNamaraRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder1391 Words   |  6 Pagesreciprocity, deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors used for social interaction, and deficits in developing maintaining and understanding relationships (autismspeaks.org). Autism is a spectrum disorder with varying levels of severity. Some children may be highly functioning while others remain non-verbal. These deficits can negatively affect a child’s ability to learn and participate in extra-curricular activities. In the classroom, a disruptive behavior may even negatively impact the learning ofRead MoreCorrelation Between Purposeful Movement Within The Classroom And Improved Attention Span With An Increase Student Achievement1382 Words   |  6 Pagesinvestigate the correlation between purposeful movement in the classroom and improved attention span with an increase in student achievement. In this chapter important literature was reviewed to bring light to movement, active learning and the effects it has on the human brain. In many settings, early childhood education is becoming increasingly structured, with emphasis on academic achievement and testing. Using movement activities throughout the day is an effective and enjoyable way to supportRead MoreStudents With Disabilities Of Physical Education1705 Words   |  7 PagesDisabilities in Physical Education Megan R. Johnson Lincoln Memorial University â€Æ' Students with Disabilities in Physical Education More and more students with disabilities are being taught in the public school system today than in the past ten or so years. This gives the students the opportunity to learn and prosper in their least restrictive environment along with their peers. Many educators, as well as those in physical education, are learning how to implement and incorporate activities that will

Child Development in Developing Countries Introduction and Methods free essay sample

Each area of development is interdependency as they do not work in isolation but instead, they are interlinked. If a child experiences a delay within there development it’s likely to affect more than one area of development. Therefore within an early year setting its vital that practitioners recognize a child’s individual needs and holistically plans to make sure all areas of development are being covered as well as new connections being adapted to what they already know. Physical development of babies and young children must be encouraged through the provision of different opportunities, allowing them to active and interactive to help improve their skills in coordination, control, and movement. Children must be supported in developing and understand the importance of physical activity as a child’s physical activity can have an impact on their self-confidence. For example, if a child is unhappy with there appearance it could affect there later in life. We will write a custom essay sample on Child Development in Developing Countries: Introduction and Methods or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Whereas if they are self-confident it will improve there concentration, lifestyle, and overall development. This can have an impact on a child’s communication and language as it can affect their intellectual development, allowing the child to be more alert, physical activity is also likely to encourage social development as there will be more opportunities for children to socialize and progress in self-esteem. For a child to understand the world the child will have to understand that different children have different beliefs, colored skin, religions. This has a big impact on a child’s social development as they will begin to have an awareness of the world and others around them, allowing them to confidentiality make new friends. Expressive arts and development allow a young child to make new things by using their imagination by using different materials and equipment, allowing them to be unique. Introducing expressive arts at a young age will encourage a child to expre ss themselves both verbally and creatively allowing it to contribute to there physical development and social development. Creativity relates to physical development as it can develop a child’s fine and gross motor skills. The personal and emotional development allows a child to develop skills such as making relationships, having self- confidence and awareness and understanding of what actions can affect others. Personal and emotional development is promoted in settings to allow children to have a choice which will enable them to emphasize support or what they want to do. However, personal and emotional development can be affected, if a child has a disability the child could have a low self-esteem as they may feel that they are not able to take part in activities, this shouldn’t be the case by promoting equality, diversity and inclusion to children in a setting will allow children and practitioners to adapt the activity ensuring everyone is included. Therefore it’s important to focus on more than one area of development as they will all connect with one another, ensuring that all chi ldren’s development is supported and encouraged in specific areas taking in to account a child’s individual needs.

Unlike Father, Unlike Son free essay sample

Troy Manson is a father who has a hard time connecting with his sons. Like most parents, he only wants the best for them, and for them to not repeat the same mistakes he made. Troy Manson refuses to open his eyes to what is around him these day and that puts a barrier between him and his sons. Troys personal experience makes him reluctant to accept and recognize the way society is changing around him.The incomplete fence connects to Troy because of his past which makes him worried about the future, and this also makes connecting with his sons fairly impossible. Troy can be seen as a bad person for multiple reasons. He stops his youngest son Corny from having a ride to college, and he kicks him out of the house because Corny starts to rebel against him. Lyons, the oldest son, is seen more a as a slacker in the eyes of his father because Lyons is always asking for money from Troy and never paying him back In some cases. We will write a custom essay sample on Unlike Father, Unlike Son or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the end, he wants his son to learn the way he did in regards to living in a White Mans world. Troy is always thinking back and comparing what he has experienced, and what he fails to realize is that the world is changing around him. This is because he spent decades in prison because he had turned to robbing people for a source of income. In other words, it can be seen that Troy is looking out for his sons by telling them to get a real job and stop chasing what he considers dreams that are impossible, so they can have an average life.Troy sees himself as a man who fought with death and overcame obstacles that most people would have given up on. Troy thinks that if you just stay in your place in the world and strive to do what you can, then all will be well. The fact that Jackie Robinson is playing on white team makes Troy upset because he never got the acknowledgement that he thought he deserved. The Fences shows Troy as an incomplete man because when he was young, he was a talented baseball player, but he lost that part of his life when he made certain decisions.He turned to crime once again to help support his first son and his first wife, and ended up killing a man which landed him in prison where he spent de cades in. This makes Troy unable to move forward with his life and he is always battling with himself and everyone around him. Troy is trying to prevent his sons from making the name mistakes, but in the end, that did not work because his youngest son left Troy will never have a solid relationship with his sons because of his past.He thinks he is doing right by his sons by telling them to get a real job and denying both of them their dreams. Most fathers support their son in sports or being a musician. But because of Troy being denied of his own dreams, he does not want the same thing to happen to his sons. This severs the ties that he had with his sons because of how Troy refuses to open his eyes to what is around him these day and by how he is still living in the past.

Free Essays on Illegal Women Trafficking

Illegal women trafficking in the world Introduction What is Illegal trafficking? What goes on in this trade? Women and children are promised jobs, money and better lives, then are forced into prostitution and terrible work environments. They are forced into this sick slave trade and are given little to no money for their work. It is disgusting and inhumane what they do to these women and children. This paper will describe events and horrors around the world. After the Tsunami disaster BAHRAINI authorities are being warned of a possible increase in human trafficking, from countries hit by the tsunami disaster. Human rights workers say they are particularly worried about a potential influx of underage women who may have lost their friends and relatives, homes and livelihoods in the disaster. They are especially concerned about countries such as Indonesia, from where human traffickers were already reportedly shipping girls to the Gulf and elsewhere. Human rights workers and immigration officials have described Indonesia as a significant source of illegal immigrants to Bahrain - girls as young as 14 are being shipped to the United States on fake as housemaids. passports to work Their employers allegedly beat them once they got here. In November 2003, a 14-year-old Indonesian maid ran away from her sponsor in Bahrain after being hit over the head with a glass. In another case, a 13-year-old Indonesian girl was sent home to her family after being allegedly beaten by her Bahraini employers for making mistakes. There are also reports of housemaids being raped or not being paid by their sponsors, who often go unpunished since domestic workers are not covered by labor laws. "A large percentage of women coming to the Gulf are below 18 years old," said Nabeel Rajab, president of the now-dissolved Bahrain Center for Human Rights (BCHR) and founder member of the original Migrant Workers Group (MWG). "A lot were being trafficked from vi... Free Essays on Illegal Women Trafficking Free Essays on Illegal Women Trafficking Illegal women trafficking in the world Introduction What is Illegal trafficking? What goes on in this trade? Women and children are promised jobs, money and better lives, then are forced into prostitution and terrible work environments. They are forced into this sick slave trade and are given little to no money for their work. It is disgusting and inhumane what they do to these women and children. This paper will describe events and horrors around the world. After the Tsunami disaster BAHRAINI authorities are being warned of a possible increase in human trafficking, from countries hit by the tsunami disaster. Human rights workers say they are particularly worried about a potential influx of underage women who may have lost their friends and relatives, homes and livelihoods in the disaster. They are especially concerned about countries such as Indonesia, from where human traffickers were already reportedly shipping girls to the Gulf and elsewhere. Human rights workers and immigration officials have described Indonesia as a significant source of illegal immigrants to Bahrain - girls as young as 14 are being shipped to the United States on fake as housemaids. passports to work Their employers allegedly beat them once they got here. In November 2003, a 14-year-old Indonesian maid ran away from her sponsor in Bahrain after being hit over the head with a glass. In another case, a 13-year-old Indonesian girl was sent home to her family after being allegedly beaten by her Bahraini employers for making mistakes. There are also reports of housemaids being raped or not being paid by their sponsors, who often go unpunished since domestic workers are not covered by labor laws. "A large percentage of women coming to the Gulf are below 18 years old," said Nabeel Rajab, president of the now-dissolved Bahrain Center for Human Rights (BCHR) and founder member of the original Migrant Workers Group (MWG). "A lot were being trafficked from vi...

Research on the Stakeholder theory, Agency theory, Corporate Social restructuring and ethics The WritePass Journal

Research on the Stakeholder theory, Agency theory, Corporate Social restructuring and ethics Introduction: Research on the Stakeholder theory, Agency theory, Corporate Social restructuring and ethics Introduction:Stake holder theory:Agency theory:Ethics:Business ethics:Ethical structure:Level of returns affected by CSR/Ethical Issues:Case study illustration of arguments:Conclusion:AppendicesReflective journal:Bibliography:Related Introduction: This report is presented to the financial director of the FTSE-100 company. The company is facing down turn due to the economic recession around the globe and due to its own corporate social responsible policies. This report shows research on the Stakeholder theory, Agency theory, Corporate Social restructuring and ethics. This report also shows the different aspects of these theories linked with health of the organization. Many authors have different concern about each theory but directly or in directly linked it with the shareholder and profit maximization. On the other hand researchers prove that recent developments in corporate social responsibility and ethics save organizations from down fall in economic recession. Stake holder theory: Stakeholder theory was put forward by Freeman in 1984 as a proposal for strategic management of organization in the late twentieth century. By the passage of time the theory has achieve importance with the key workers Clarkson in 1994, Donaldson and Preston 1995, Mitchell in 1997, Rowley in 1997 and Frooman in 1999 enabling both greater theoretical depth and development of this theory (Mainardes et al. 2011 p.226). In academic context there endless definitions of stakeholder have been put and there is no individual, definitive and generally accepted definition. In argue to that the works of Bryson (2004), Buchhloz and Rosenthal (2005), Friedman and Miles (2006) and Beach (2008) have an overall of 66 different approaches for the term â€Å"Stakeholder†. The source of stakeholder theory based on four key academic areas i.e.   Sociology, economics, politics and ethics. Freeman (1984) found that any group or individual that can affect or be affected by the understanding of organization goals and objectives. Hence the objective of this report is to maximize the shareholder’s wealth and how the corporate social responsibility and ethics helps to increase the long term value of the organization. In addition to that the Financial Director has different views about these theories, CSR and Ethics. In argued to that maximizing the returns to shareholders the managers must try to provide the satisfactory return to each group which comes under the stakeholder group. According to the Mygind (2009, p. 159) diversified stakeholder have different approaches and association to other stakeholders and they have an evaluation of their own benefits which is only related to them moreover they also give different importance to the satisfaction of the stakeholder’s interest. In 1980’s and 1990’s maximizing shareholder wealth and corporate wealth maximization totally based on the board of directors how they form the corporate strategies to increase the shareholder returns (Blair, 1995). In contrast to this argument Mygind has found that current developments in the corporate social responsibility and ethics move the pendulum towards the border view of value creation which is beneficial for the stakeholders (2009 p.160). Moreover total shareholder maximization which is directly linked with the corporate social responsibility should be fulfilled under limited circumstances. At all outcome of this analysis of the literature it may be accepted that stakeholder theory has diversified over into many fields. According to Carrol (1994) the stake holder theory grasp the relevance to financial management, human resource management , strategic management, organization ethics, research and development, corporate governed and many more. Agency theory: Agency theory fundamentally involved with the relationship of managers and stockholders (Jenson and Meckling, 1976).   In addition to this managers should make decisions that are linked with the objective of maximizing shareholder wealth.   According to the Ross (1973) an agency is defined as on in which one or more persons (the principal (s) ) engages another person (the agent) to perform some service on their behalf which involve delegating some decision making authority to the agent. Moreover Eisenhardt (1985) and Kosnik (1987) linked the development of agency theory with organization behavior and strategic management. Managers as an agents are very interested in maximizing their efficiency of wealth and they acquire this end though their salaries and bounces etc.   When managers make decisions which is not consistent with the objective of shareholder wealth maximization then the agency problem occurs. Jensen (1998) explaining the problem of agency is that agents are not absolute. Their interests do not perfectly matches with the objectives of the principal and accordingly if authority is not sufficient then there will be divergence from the objectives of interest to the titleholder of the assets. The dormant agency problem between managers and its stakeholders is not only agency problem that exists. Jensen and Mecking (1976) argued that the company can face series of agency relationships between the different interests of groups. According to the agency theory, principles can establish appropriate incentives for the agents on the basis of his or her level of interest and this thing leads towards the agency cost. Moreover Jensen and Mecking (1976) suggested that there are two approaches about seeking to optimize the managerial behavior in order to stimulate goal congruence between shareholder and managers. The first way is for shareholder to monitor the action of managements. There are number of ways to check the performance of management for example use of independently auditors to audit the financial statements, additional reporting requirements and use of external analyst. The other way is to form the corporate managerial contract in which the goal congruence should be mentioned and it is linked with the incentives, constraints and punishments. All in all total shareholder maximization encloses advantages for all groups pure shareholder as well as stakeholders. This includes the maximization of the shareholder value, the value for the stakeholder and owner and the value for all stakeholders. Corporate social responsibility: Corporate social responsibility is concerned with the impact of their activities on society and on the environment. While there is no single commonly accepted definition of corporate social responsibility, it generally refers to business decision making linked to the ethical values, compliance with legal requirements, and respect for people, communities and the environment (Business for Social Responsibility, 2011). Organizations are involved in diverse economic, cultural and political system around the globe and these organizations have different operating and governance standards. Lantos (2001) argued that to gain the essence business organization’s social responsibility people must do hard work and be successful. To perform in a social responsible way Freeman (1984) stated that the organization need to act in accordance to moral, legal and social concerns which is represented by stakeholder. Stakeholder group consist of so many different units so it may cause difficulty to give the importance to each and every unit. Lippke (1966) argued that maximizing shareholder’s wealth should be the fundamental objective for managers. Maximizing profits is an elementary mission for business organizations to gain long-term benefits. Hui (2008) argued that through competitive advantage firms create and sustain above the average economic performance. Moreover Maddjono (2005) argue that corporation sustainability relay upon the implementation of good corporate governance principals. There principals concern with the accountability, efficiency and transparency. Furthermore building total corporate sustainability needs systematic corporate cultural conversion. Gao and Zhang (2006) stated that these changes require investment in related resources and engaging all stakeholders. However role of CSR is not only build social corporate sustainability it also help to prevent the organization from acting unethically and help the organization outlining its economic growth. Haberberg and Rieple (2001) argued that the organization is in constant discourse with the society in which it acts, its affect them and affected by them. Hence rather than trying to highlight the problem whether CSR is good or bad for business, the one question should ask under which conditions firm social activities could be beneficial for society. Financial director has only concern with the profit maximization but on the other hand researchers prove that the CSR also helps the organization to fulfill this objective.   CSR also helps to sustain the corporate culture in better way and maintain healthy relationship with social community. Ethics: The word ethics derived from the Greek word Ethicos meaning habit or custom relating to the society. Guttmann (2006) believed that ethics is created when people think positively about the world, about life and about the needs to fulfill the goals and objectives. Business ethics is that behavior which concerns with the daily dealings with the world. This thing not only applies how the business interact with the world it also focuses on everyday dealing with customers. Now days every business schools have business ethics courses and these modules mainly deal’s with new aspects of business ethics. However Swanson (2005) stated that business ethics in academic continue to face skepticism as to the legitimacy and practically of their newly emerged field. Many institutes around the globe associate this course with many other courses for example Management, Organization behavior etc. Business ethics: Ethics in business is very important in terms of reputation with their clients. Ethics provide important outline to the business to ensure that the fair practice and other business opportunities to the business. An organization ethical values and culture are important to its society. There are different ethical concerns across the organization and they are linked with every interested group in the organization. Robin and Reidenbach (1987) develop a multidimensional scale for improving evaluations of business ethics. More over business ethics has an external impact on the market place and the society. On the other hand corporate ethics has an internal emphasis on the performance of the organization. Ethical structure: The area of ethical structure determines to support organization and without them there is no support for organization to implement ethical processes and evaluate them. This area help’s organization to make strategy, tactical and operational level of business practices Svensson and Wood (2008). A sub area of ethical structure is a code of ethics. Code of ethics focuses on the social issues and it may arrange general principals about an organization beliefs, mission and quality of the environment. Code studies have also been executed on the largest multinational organization operating a wide range of jurisdictions around the globe Wood et al. (2004). Moreover studies have found that having an ethical code does have a positive impact on the ethical actions and behavior of the organization Adam et al. (2001). Stajkovic and Luthans (1987) see code of ethics as one of the important frame work that linked together to influence the ethical standards of the organization. Level of returns affected by CSR/Ethical Issues: Snow brand milk Co. known is the Japan’s premier dairy food company. Now days this company known as Meg Milk Snow Co. as they have changed their name after 2002. The year 2000 was catastrophic year for the Snow Brand Milk Co. As they were facing very severe CSR/Ethical issues of food poisoning in Japan. Around 15,000 people had been affected with food poisoning after using Snow Brand dairy products. After inspection the problem was traced, the bacteria Staphylococcus Aurous was found on the valve which proceeds low fat milk. Later on Japan Public Health Association issue the recall for the Snow Brand milk products. Moreover media reported the judiciary about all facts and figure and judiciary take action against the Snow Brand and banned all the dairy products of snow. In addition to that the president tries to win the support from society but he fails and admitted to hospital suffering from the stress of the incident. The end result was he and seven executives resigned from company. The outcomes of the actions for Snow Brand have been breathtaking and awful. Sales of the company have been collapsed and consumer confidence has eliminated. The company had ceases its five factories including the offending site from the poisoning. Later on this figure increased to eight. The company suffered with great loss and its financial position is badly affected. Snow Brand announced consolidated net loss was 52.9 billion yen (about 430 million US dollars) for the fiscal year ending in March 2000. Further more Snow Brand loses the 45% market share after these circumstances. After this incident company faces 40% decrease in the share price in Tokyo Stock exchange. Source: (Japan Times, 2002) Fight Back A key element for the company to come back in the market is to revamp its social responsibility. In the first, the new president made statement of regret and acknowledges the mistakes of the past and determines to move forward. In addition to restructuring plan following things also include: Improving quality assurance Reform of corporate culture Renew corporate social responsibility Enhance corporate governance Case study illustration of arguments: ITE plc one of the world foremost organizers of international trade exhibitions and conferences and develop oneself in organizing events in growing and developing market. ITE is a multinational firm and the board of the company is aware about the social benefits and risks which are linked with their various groups in social responsible manner. As an operator internationally oriented business in developing markets the company guarantee that they are culturally sensitive in dealing with the local community, development polices for employees and go for those projects which are supportive for the local community. In 2010, ITE plc faced problem with corporate social responsibility and some other ethical issues and economic down turn which leads towards the no increase in the share price and there is no significant increase in profits. Weber (2008) argued that they are numerous benefits of CSR and these include pure financial benefits which lead towards the risk reduction, efficiency gain and tax advantages. In addition to financial benefits Maignan et al. (1999) find that CSR is positively linked with employee’s commitment and customer loyalty. This show that how CSR improve overall health of the organization (ITE Website, 2011). Later on by the mid of 2010 the board of the company revamps their approach to corporate social responsibility in addition to that the board also reform their corporate culture and corporate governance. In figure 1 the first three months in graph shows level of share price of ITE which was approximately 143.5 and there is no increase in the share price. After implementing new reformed Corporate social responsibility company share price increase with full boost. In the figure form the August 2010 to March 2011 Company enjoys the significant positive change in the share price. Delevingne (2009) found this recession is wiping away a lot of things but so far CSR seems to be survivor. Figure 1: Increase in Share price (Source: ITE Website) In all corporate social responsibility has gain amazing recognition in the last recent times. However organization must consider the importance of CSR and give full concentration to it and maintain high standard of relationship with society. Conclusion: At the end this report shows that the stakeholder theory, agency theory, CSR and ethics are diversified over different fields. Further stakeholders have very specific resources and interest and it must be fulfilled by the agents of firms in order to satisfy them. Total shareholder or stakeholder maximization includes benefits for all groups; researchers prove that implementation of these theories helps the organization to perform in the favor of stakeholders, economy and society. Appendices Reflective journal: I initially faced lots of difficulties in the making of this assignment the reason is I am an international student and for me this is first time studying in the new environment and culture with so many international student. I have some knowledge of finance however it is not quite enough. After starting studying Financial Management I assumed that the knowledge which I have is not sufficient for me. Since the theories and practices uses by my tutor are very depth in the nature. This assignment is very helpful for me and increases my knowledge about the latest concepts of finance. I worked very hard for this assignment to fulfill the requirement of the assignment. On the hand I also faced many difficulties when I was working on my assignment. After spending a lot of time in the library I come up with some facts and figures which were really helpful for me in the making of assignment. While working on this assignment I also learnt effective communication skills by talking and sharing ideas with other students in the class. In the future I will do research in more depth so I will implement more theories and practices in my upcoming modules.    Bibliography: ADAMS, J., TASCHIAN, A. and SHORE, T. 2001. Codes of ethics as signals for ethical behavior. Journal of Business Ethics, 29(3), pp. 199-211. BEACH, S. 2008. Sustainability of network governance: stakeholder influence Proceedings of Contemporary Issues in Public Management: The 12th Annual Conference of the International Research Society for Public Management (IRSPM XII), Brisbane, pp. 1-23. BLAIR, M. 1995.   Ownership and Control: Rethinking Corporate Governance for the Twenty-first Century. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution. BRYSON, J. 2004. What to do when stakeholders matter. Public Management Review, 6 (1), pp. 21-53. BUCHHOLZ, R. and ROSENTHAL, S. 2005. Toward a contemporary conceptual framework for stakeholder theory. Journal of Business Ethics, 58 (1), pp. 137-48. BUISNESS FOR SOCAIL RESPOSIBILITY. 2011. [WWW] bsr.org/ (March, 2011) CARROLL, A. 1994. Social issues in management research. Business Society, 33 (1), pp. 5-29. CLARKSON, M. 1995.   A stakeholder framework for analyzing and evaluating corporate social Performance. Academy of Management Review, 20 (1), pp. 92-117. DELEVINGENE, L. 2009. Surprising survivors: corporate do-gooders. Fortune, 19 January, available at: http://money.cnn.com/2009/01/19/magazines/fortune/do_gooder.fortune/ index.htm (accessed March, 2011). DONALDSON, T. and PRESTON, L.E. 1995.   The stakeholder theory of the corporation: concepts, evidence and implications. Academy of Management Review, 20 (1), pp. 65-91. EISENHARDIT, K. M. 1985. Control: Organizational and economic approaches. Management   Science (Pre-1986), 31(2), pp. 134. Freeman, E.R. 1984. Strategic management: a stakeholder approach. Boston: MA. FRIEDMAN, A. and MILES, S. 2006. Stakeholders: Theory and Practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press. FROOMAN, J. 1999. Stakeholders influence strategies.   Academy of Management Review, 24 (2), pp. 191-205. GAO, S.S. and ZHANG, J.J. 2006. Stakeholder engagement, social auditing and corporate Sustainability. Business Process Management Journal, 12 (6), pp. 722-40. HABERBERG, A. and RIEPLE, A. 2001, The Strategic Management of Organizations. Harlow: Prentice-Hall. HUI, T.L. 2008. Combining faith and CSR: a paradigm of corporate sustainability. International Journal of Social Economics. Combining faith and CSR,35 (6) pp. 449-465. JAPAN, TIMES. 2002. Shops Pull Snow Products. [Online newspaper] 25 January. http:// http://search.japantimes.co.jp/member/member.html?nn20020125a4.htm. (04 April 2011). JENSEN, M.C. and MECKLING, W. 1976. Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Financial Economics, 3   (4), pp. 305-60. JENSEN, M.C. 1998, Foundations of Organizational Strategy. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. KONSIK, R. 1987. Greenmail: a study in board performance in corporate governance. Administative science quarterly, 32, p.163-185. LANTOS, G.P. 2001. The boundaries of strategic corporate social responsibility. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18 (7), pp. 595-632. LIPPKE, R.L. 1996. Setting the terms of the business responsibility debate in Larmer, R.A. (Ed.), Ethics in the Workplace: Selected Readings in Business Ethics, West Publishing Company, St Paul, MN. MAINARDES, W.E., ALVES, H and RAPSOSO, M. 2011. Stakeholder theory issues to resolve. Management Desisons. 49 (2), pp. 226-252. MARDJONO, A. 2005. A tale of corporate governance: lessons why firms fail. Managerial Auditing Journal, 20 (3), pp. 272-83. MAIGNAN, I., FERELL, O.C. and HULT, G.T.M. 1999. Corporate citizenship: cultural antecedents and business benefits. Academy of Marketing Science Journal, 27 (4), pp. 455-69. MITCHELL, W.G., AGLE, B.R. and WOOD, D.J. 1997. Toward a theory of stakeholder identification and Alliance. Academy of Management Review, 22(4), pp. 853-86. MYGIND, N. 2009. Corporate governance. Stake holder ownership and maximization, 9 (2), pp.356-384. MYGIND, N. 1992. The choice of ownership. Journal of Economic and Industrial Democracy,13 (3), pp. 359-99. ROSS, S. 1973. The economic theory of agency: the principal’s problem.   American Economic Review, 63, pp. 134-9. ROBIN, D.P. and REIDENBACH, R.E. 1987. Social responsibility, ethics, and marketing strategy: closing the gap between concept and application. Journal of Marketing,   51, pp. 44-58. ROWLEY, T. 1997. Moving beyond dyadic ties: a network theory of stakeholder influences. Academy of Management Review, 22 (4), pp. 887-910. STAJKOVIC, A.D. and LUTHANS, F. 1997. Business ethics across cultures: a social cognitive model. Journal of World Business, 32 (1), pp. 17-34. SVENSSON, G. and WOOD, G. 2008. A model of business ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 77, pp. 303-22. SWANSON, D.L. 2005. Business ethics education at bay: addressing a crisis of legitimacy. Issues in Accounting Education, 20 (3), pp. 247-53. WEBER, M. 2008. The business case for corporate social responsibility: a company-level measurement approach for CSR. European Management Journal, 26 (4), pp. 247-61. WOOD, G., SVENSSON, G., SINGH, J., CARASCO, E. and CALLAGHAM, M. 2004. Implementing the ethos of corporate codes of ethics: Australia, Canada and Sweden. Business Ethics: A European Review, 13 (4), pp. 389-403.

Peer response Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 15

Peer response - Assignment Example As such, the outcome could manifest some commonalities; yet, due to the diversity of people’s traits, personalities, preferences, as well as values and beliefs systems, some of the conceptual frameworks could generate disparate results. For instance, the belief that people get what they deserve could be contested when some factors beyond people’s control could have significantly changed their courses of life. A natural disaster, for instance, could simply wipe out an entire local population, despite the people’s striving to make their lives better. Overall, one share similar contentions that social psychology is an interesting field of study due to the multi-disciplinary endeavors that come into play. As such, people, as a social being, in a natural environment, could only do so much to plan and design their lives, according to factors that are within their control. Yet, we cannot dispute that the external environment poses both opportunities and threats which could be beyond people’s control. As such, our abilities to mitigate risks and develop resiliency assist in putting us back on track and achieving what we have planned in the first place, for personal and professional